Aktivitas Antibakteri Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kumis Kucing (Orthosiphon aristatus) dan Daun Mangga Madu (Mangifera indica L.) terhadap Propionibacterium acnes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52622/jisk.v6i3.03Kata Kunci:
combination, ratio, antibacterial, extracts, leaves, Orthosiphon aristatus, Mangifera indicaAbstrak
Latar Belakang: Jerawat sangat terkait dengan pertumbuhan berlebihan Propionibacterium acnes. Karena penggunaan antibakteri konvensional jangka panjang dapat menyebabkan resistensi dan iritasi, ekstrak tumbuhan sedang dieksplorasi sebagai pilihan alternatif atau pelengkap. Daun kumis kucing (Orthosiphon aristatus) dan daun mangga madu (Mangifera indica L.) diketahui mengandung metabolit sekunder yang dapat membantu menekan pertumbuhan bakteri. Tujuan: Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efek antibakteri dari ekstrak etanol gabungan daun O. aristatus dan M. indica terhadap C. acnes dan untuk menentukan rasio formulasi mana yang menghasilkan penghambatan terbaik. Metode: Setiap bahan tanaman diekstrak secara terpisah menggunakan etanol, kemudian dicampur menjadi lima formula kombinasi yang berbeda (F1–F5). Aktivitas antibakteri dinilai secara in vitro menggunakan teknik difusi cakram dengan inokulum standar (0,5 McFarland). Diameter zona jernih di sekitar setiap cakram diukur dan digunakan untuk mengkategorikan kekuatan antibakteri. Hasil: Skrining fitokimia kualitatif mengkonfirmasi bahwa kedua ekstrak mengandung kelompok metabolit utama, termasuk alkaloid, tanin/fenolik, flavonoid, dan saponin. Kontrol negatif tidak menunjukkan zona jernih, sedangkan klindamisin (kontrol positif) menghasilkan zona inhibisi kuat sebesar 19,2 mm. Semua formula gabungan menghambat C. acnes, dengan zona inhibisi antara 8,6 mm dan 11,5 mm. Formula 3 menghasilkan zona terluas (11,5 mm; kategori kuat), sedangkan Formula 2 menunjukkan inhibisi terkecil (8,6 mm; kategori lemah). Kesimpulan: Ekstrak etanol daun O. aristatus dan M. indica, ketika dikombinasikan, mampu menghambat C. acnes. Tingkat inhibisi bervariasi dengan rasio pencampuran, dan Formula 3 menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri yang paling menjanjikan di antara formulasi yang diuji.
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